Theory

Static Electricity -

the accumulation of charges - i.e. protons, electrons. For example, when you rub your feet along the carpet you are rubbing off the negatively charged electrons and gaining a fixed positive charge on your body. When you come into contact with another object that is grounded, the electricity goes from where there is a lot (ground) to where there is a lack (you) and you get an electric shock.

Kinetic Electricity -

the motion of a collection of charges - i.e. protons, electron

Circuit -

the closed loop traveling path of electrons

Voltage -

electrical pressure (electromotive force). Think of it as the 'push' or 'kick 'to the electrons flowing in the circuit.

Conductor -

a material through which energy (i.e. heat, electricity) can flow easily

Insulator -

a material through which the flow of energy (i.e. heat, electricity) is restricted.

Ground -

an electrical connection to the electrically neutral earth

Permanent Magnet -

either a metal extracted from the earth already magnetized, such as magnetite, or a metal that becomes magnetic in the presence of a strong magnetic field.

Electromagnet -

a core of metal which becomes magnetic when there is a wire with current wrapped about it. The stronger the current and the more loops of the wire, the stronger the magnet becomes.

Induction -

a moving magnetic field near a loop of wire can induce an electric current in the wire. When a current moves in a loop about a metal core, a magnet is induced.

Piezoelectric -

a material in which voltage is induced when under stress, such as when it is bent out of shape. The strip also changes its dimensions when voltage is applied to it.

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